DETERMINATION OF THE PHYSICAL AND THERMAL CHARACTERISTICS OF SODOM APPLE (CALATROPIS PROCERA) FRUIT FIBRES HARVESTED IN MAIDUGURI, BORNO STATE, NIGERIA
This study addresses the environmental concerns associated with the widespread use of synthetic fibers, emphasizing their non-biodegradability, contribution to microplastic pollution, and energy-intensive manufacturing processes. The research focuses on evaluating the physio-thermal properties of Calotropis procera fiber harvested in Maiduguri, Borno State, Nigeria. Key objectives include determining the density, moisture content, and water absorption of Sodom Apple (Calotropis procera) fibers, investigating their morphology, assessing thermal conductivity, heat transfer coefficient, and specific heat capacity, as well as conducting thermo-gravimetric analyses. The fibers were meticulously collected, cleaned, sorted, and subjected to standard testing methods namely scanning electromicroscopy, density test, moisture content test, moisture absorption tests, thermal conductivity test and Thermogravimetric. The collected Sodom Apple fibers exhibit a single-cell structure with a fine, hollow, and smooth composition, resembling fibers like kapok or cotton. The specific gravity of 0.1124 and density of 0.1099 g/l indicate a lightweight nature, while exceptional moisture absorption at 66.144%, along with a moisture content of 11.04%, suggests potential suitability for insulation purposes. Thermal analysis reveals a low thermal conductivity of 0.066 W/mK, a heat transfer coefficient of 1.6814 W/m²K, and a specific heat capacity of 0.0156 J/kg°C. Thermal Gravimetric Analysis depicts distinct weight loss stages, further supporting the fiber's promising characteristics for sustainable applications. These findings collectively suggest the fiber's lightweight nature, outstanding moisture absorption, and potential suitability for insulation purposes. The structural and thermal characteristics bear resemblance to fibers like kapok or cotton, signifying comparable attributes.
Authors : Musa, H., Abdulrahim, A.T., Ngala, G.M. and Hammajam, A.A.
Category : Open Access Volume (Issue) : 10(1) Date Uploaded : 21st March 2024